Tuberculosis: A Short Introduction to the Anti Biotherapy in Tuberculosis

Although antibiotics had been discovered a few years1. The antibacterial activity best resulted in
before, sulfonamide and penicillin proved no effect onStreptomycin, Isoniazid and Rifampicin.
the bacteria causing Tuberculosis. After years of2. The inhibition of the development of resistance
research In California about soil fungus, in 1039with best results in Rifampicin, Ethambutol and
Waksman isolated the fungus Actynomices that wasIzoniazid.
able to inhibit the development of MycobacteriumAfter a month of treatment with the four basic
Tuberculosis. But the chemo was to dangerous toxicantibiotics, the patient should be fever free, feel
and could not be used in treating Tuberculosis.much improved and show decreased number of
In 1943streptomycin was found inside Streptomycesbacteria in the sputum. The weight of the patient
griseus and it was proven to totally inhibit themust increase and the lesions visible on the X-rays
bacterial strains. In 1944 it was administered to ashould minimize. As the medication persists the
Tuberculosis patient that immediately improved.bacterial organism in the sputum will become more
Although streptomycin causes side effects likeand more difficult to be cultivated on synthetic
damages to the inner ear, it was for a few years thecultures inside the laboratories.
best medication against Mycobacterium.If no signs of improvement appear on the
The medical treatment of Tuberculosis was put inradiography after 3 months, the medication and the
danger after the assumption that bacteria rapidlypatient's compliance must be again verified. Most
gains resistance even to the newer discoveredrelapses after treatment appear in the first 6 months
antibiotics. But the issue was quickly solved by usingafter the patient has stopped taking chemo. Also the
combinations of antibiotics in the treatment.capacity of developing resistance must be taken into
After streptomycin other major anti Tuberculosisconsideration. The National Tuberculosis Center must
chemo were introduced. P-aminosalicilic acid, Isoniazid,carefully monitories rebel cases of Tuberculosis.
Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Rifampicin and CycloserinIn case of a reoccurrence at the same patient,
showed benefic results in the cure of Tuberculosis.doctors must find another schedule of therapy as
Newer Aminiglicosides such as Viomycin andthe bacteria has already developed resistance to the
Kanamycin as well as the quinolones Ciprofloxacin andantibiotics used before. A possibility is adding other
Ofloxacin are only prescribed in cases of resistantfew antibiotics to the initial medication. If bacteria is
strains. Latest treatment methods like the Macrolidesresistant to all kind of standard chemical products,
or the combination of Beta-lactamase andother drugs, more toxic however will be put in the
Beta-lactams have not been yet enough studied.schedule: Ethionamide, Cycloserine, Viomycin,
The two most important characteristics of theKanamycin, Pyrazinamide or Capreomycin.
antituberculous ant biotherapy are: